• 33.3% of the general population have hypertension
• Hypertension rates are highest among African Americans—44% of males, and 43.9% of females
• African Americans are also more likely to develop hypertension earlier in life, and to have more severe cases. 

Hypertension is a disease related to high pressure in the arteries of the circulatory system. Blood pressure is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. The readings or results are given in two numbers. The systolic is the top number and represents the pressure of the heart when it is beating. The diastolic, or lower number, is the pressure of the heart relaxed or resting.

A normal pressure is 120 or less for the systolic, and 80 or less for the diastolic. Numbers above "120 over 80" may indicate pre-hypertension or hypertension.
 
There are several risk factors for hypertension—some controllable and some not.

Uncontrollable risk factors are:

• Age: the risk of developing hypertension increases with age.
• Race: African Americans develop hypertension earlier in life.
• Heredity: hypertension tends to run in families.

The good news is that hypertension can be prevented, and if not, it can be managed or controlled by taking the following steps:

1. Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight is a major risk factor for hypertension.
2. Eat a healthy diet high in fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains, and low in salt and fats. Salt causes the body to retain fluid, making your heart work harder. Read labels and avoid processed foods.
3. Drink alcohol in moderation. No more than two drinks a day for men, and one for women.
4. Get active. Daily exercise of 30 minutes or more will help keep your weight at healthy levels.
5. Don't smoke! Smoking raises the blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels.
6. Reduce stress. Stress can cause tension and raise blood pressure. Participating in stress reducing exercises and activities will help reduce your risk.

Medication may be required for some persons with a diagnosis of hypertension. Anyone with this diagnosis should be under the care of a doctor or other healthcare provider and have regular checkups.

Every individual can take the responsibility for his or her own health and quality life by practicing a healthy lifestyle. If you are diagnosed with hypertension, or any disease, understanding how the disease will help you take the necessary steps to manage it.